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邢台市人民政府关于公布邢台市城市绿化管理办法的决定

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邢台市人民政府关于公布邢台市城市绿化管理办法的决定

河北省邢台市人民政府


邢台市人民政府令



〔2012〕第4号



  《邢台市城市绿化管理办法》已经2012年8月23日市政府第五十六次常务会议讨论通过,现予以公布,自2012年10月1日起施行。



市 长 刘大群
二零一二年八月二十七日



邢台市人民政府关于公布邢台市城市绿化管理办法的决定



  第一条 为促进城市园林绿化事业的发展,改善城市生态环境,根据国务院《城市绿化条例》、《河北省城市绿化管理条例》和《河北省城市园林绿化管理办法》等有关规定,结合本市实际,制定本办法。
  第二条 本办法适用于本市城市规划区内(以下简称市区)种植和养护树木、花草等城市绿化的规划、建设、保护和管理。
第三条 市城市管理行政执法局(以下简称市城管执法局)是本市城市绿化工作的行政主管部门,负责市区城市绿化工作,其主要职责是:
(一)贯彻实施有关城市绿化法律、法规及方针政策;
(二)参与编制市区绿化规划、负责制定年度绿化计划;
(三)负责对市区绿化设计、施工单位的资质审核和申报工作;
(四)指导、监督和检查县(市、区)城市绿化工作;
(五)依法查处违反城市绿化法律、法规、规章的行为。
邢台县、桥东区、桥西区政府和开发区管委会城市绿化行政主管部门负责本区域内的城市绿化工作。
市规划、建设、爱卫、环保、房管、林业、交通、公安等部门,应按照各自的职责,配合做好市区城市绿化工作。
法律、法规、规章规定由林业、交通、铁路等部门管理的绿化工作,按其规定执行。
第四条 任何单位和个人应当按国家和本省有关规定履行城市园林绿化的义务,爱护园林绿化成果,对破坏城市园林绿化和园林绿化设施的行为有权劝阻、投诉和举报。
鼓励开展园林式单位、小区、庭院等创建活动,积极推行立体绿化、垂直绿化、复层绿化和屋顶绿化,提高园林绿化建设质量。
鼓励单位和个人以投资、捐资、认养等形式,参与园林绿化的建设和养护。捐资、认养的单位和个人可以享受绿地、树木一定期限的冠名权。
  城市人民政府对在城市园林绿化工作中作出显著成绩的单位和个人给予表彰、奖励。
  第五条 城市绿化规划由市规划与城市绿化行政主管部门共同编制,经市政府审查同意,报省政府住房和城乡建设行政主管部门批准后,纳入城市总体规划,并由市城市绿化行政主管部门组织实施。
  第六条 编制城市绿化规划应当符合国家规定的绿化指标,利用原有自然、人文条件,以方便群众和改善城市生态环境为原则,合理设置绿地。
  城市绿化规划确定的绿地,实行绿线管理,任何单位和个人不得擅自变更。因特殊情况确需变更的,应向城市绿化行政主管部门提出申请,按原审批程序报批。
  第七条 新建、改建、扩建工程建设项目,其园林绿化用地面积占总用地面积比例应当符合下列规定:
  (一)新建居住区、单位不低于百分之三十,旧城改造区居住区、单位不低于百分之二十五;
  (二)新建教育科研机构、医疗卫生机构、体育场馆、污水处理厂、公共文化场所等不低于百分之三十五;
  (三)公园不低于陆地面积的百分之七十;
  (四)道路红线宽度五十米(含)以上的,不低于百分之二十五;道路红线宽度四十米(含)以上五十米以下的,不低于百分之二十;道路红线宽度四十米以下的,不低于百分之十五;
  (五)新建商业中心、交通枢纽、仓储等不低于百分之二十;
  (六)因新建有大气污染等生产工艺要求特殊的、需要一定比例绿地的工业企业和铁路两侧防护绿地按有关规定执行;
  (七)其他建设项目不低于百分之三十。
  在历史文化街区和优秀历史建筑保护范围内进行建设活动,不得减少原有的绿地面积。
  第八条 新建、改建、扩建工程建设项目,其基本建设投资应当包括配套的园林绿化工程建设投资。配套的园林绿化工程应当与主体工程统一规划、统一设计。因季节原因不能与主体工程同时完成的,应当在主体工程投入使用后的下一个园林绿化季节完成。
建设单位应当按批准的园林绿化工程设计方案进行建设。
第九条 城市的绿化工程设计方案应报城市绿化行政主管部门审批。
城市工程建设项目的附属绿化工程设计方案,应报城市绿化行政主管部门审查同意。
对新建、改建、扩建工程建设项目设计达不到本办法第七条规定绿化标准的,有关部门不予办理建设工程规划和施工许可手续。
  第十条 建设单位自取得建设用地使用权之日起六个月内,工程建设项目不能开工建设的,应当按城市绿化行政主管部门要求对建设用地进行简易绿化。
  第十一条 城市绿化工程的设计、施工应当委托具有相应资质的单位承担。绿化工程竣工后,应当报城市绿化行政主管部门验收合格,方可交付使用。
第十二条 城市绿化建设应按照有关规定,以植树造景为主,实行乔木和灌木、常青和落叶树、树木和花草、平面绿化和垂直绿化相结合,建筑小品、雕塑小品与其他设施点缀其间,达到景观协调,配置合理。
  第十三条 城市工程建设项目竣工后,施工单位应当在十日内拆除绿地范围内的临时设施,并清理场地。
  第十四条 新建机关、事业单位和文化、体育、教育等公共服务设施及商业、金融、居住区、地下停车场等工程建设项目,其建筑适宜采取屋顶绿化的,应当实施屋顶绿化。
  城市围栏、墙体及高架道路、轨道交通等市政公用设施适宜采取垂直绿化的,应当实施垂直绿化。
  城市广场应当以绿化为主,推行生态化、林荫化,并配备必要的健身休闲设施。
  工程建设项目进行屋顶绿化和垂直绿化的,其绿化面积可以按比例折算为工程建设项目的附属绿地面积。
  单位和居住小区现有绿化低于本办法第七条规定标准,尚有空地可以绿化的,应当自接到城市绿化行政主管部门通知之日起一年内进行绿化。
  第十五条 市区河道两岸的树木,市管街道的行道树下的栏杆、绿篱、花草,分车带上的树木、花草及栏杆,市建的小游园、片林、公共绿地、风景名胜区,由市城市绿化行政主管部门统一管理;邢台县、桥东区、桥西区政府和开发区管委会管辖街道、区级公园和游园的绿化,由县、区政府负责管理;机关、学校、工厂、部队院内的绿化,由各单位管理;公路、铁路两旁的绿化,由公路、铁路部门管理;居民生活小区、小街小巷的绿化,由街道办事处或居民委员会管理;居民住户院内或宅旁的绿化,由住户管理。
  绿化管理应做到卫生、整洁,树木、花草及时修剪、浇水、施肥、打药、除草,保持各种植物具有较好的观赏效果。
  第十六条 城市绿化行政主管部门应当制定城市绿地养护技术规范,根据社会发展情况进行修订,并对建设、养护管理单位给予技术指导。
  养护管理单位应当按城市绿地养护技术规范实施养护管理,并建立城市园林绿化管理档案。
养护管理单位发现树木死亡的,经城市绿化行政主管部门确认后,应当对死亡树木及时清理,并补植更新。
第十七条 任何单位和个人不得擅自占用绿地。
因城市建设或者其他特殊需要临时占用绿地的,建设单位应当向城市绿化行政主管部门提出申请,并提交临时占用绿地申请书、地形图、绿地权属人意见、建设项目用地批准文件等材料。
  城市绿化行政主管部门应当自受理申请之日起七个工作日内作出审批决定。不予批准的,应当书面告知申请人并说明理由。
  临时占用绿地期限一般不超过一年,因特殊需要超过一年的,应当重新办理审批手续。占用期满后,占用单位应当退还并恢复原状。
  临时占用绿地的,应当按国家和本省有关规定缴纳绿地临时占用费。
  临时占用绿地需要迁移树木的,建设单位应当在申请临时占用绿地时一并提出。
  第十八条 公园内新建大型游乐设施应当进行论证,对公园景观、环境的影响进行分析预测,对安全技术条件进行评估。
  在公园内举办大型活动,应当经城市绿化行政主管部门批准,并不得损坏公园景观和园林设施。活动结束后,活动主办单位或者个人应当及时清理现场,恢复原貌。不及时清理现场恢复原貌的,由公园管理单位清理现场恢复原貌,由此产生的费用由活动主办单位或者个人承担。
  第十九条 城市政府应按有关规定对国家重点公园、省星级公园予以保护,禁止改变公园内独特的自然景观或者具有历史文化价值的人文景观的风貌和格局。
  调整已建成的公园绿地内部布局,不得减少原有绿地面积,不得擅自增设建筑物和构筑物。确需增设建筑物和构筑物的,应当符合公园总体规划。
  调整其他已建成绿地内部布局,调整后的绿地面积不得少于原有的绿地面积。
  第二十条 禁止擅自移植或砍伐城市树木。
  确需移植或砍伐城市树木的,应当符合《河北省城市园林绿化管理办法》的有关条件,并向城市绿化行政主管部门提出申请及相关材料,经批准后方可移植或砍伐。
  第二十一条 因同一事由一处一次移植或者砍伐树木的,县、区管辖范围内二十株以下的,由县、区城市绿化行政主管部门批准;市管辖范围内的和县、区管辖范围内二十株(含)以上一百株以下的,由市城市绿化行政主管部门批准;一百株(含)以上的,报省住房和城乡建设行政主管部门批准。
  移植或者砍伐树木二十株(含)以上的,由属地绿化行政主管部门逐级上报。
  城市绿化行政主管部门应当自收到移植或者砍伐申请书之日起七个工作日内做出审批决定;不予批准的,应当书面告知申请人并说明理由。
  准予砍伐树木的,申请人应当补植不低于砍伐树木规格、数量或者价值的树木,或者采取其他补救措施。
  城市绿化行政主管部门应当对树木移植和补植的品种、数量、规格、位置等进行跟踪管理。
  第二十二条 因树木生长影响管线、交通设施安全或遮挡交通设施影响安全视距的,管线或者交通设施管理单位应当向城市绿化行政主管部门提出申请,由城市绿化行政主管部门按兼顾设施安全使用和树木正常生长的原则组织修剪。管线或者交通设施管理单位应当承担树木修剪费用。
  第二十三条 进行管线、交通设施建设,应当避免穿越绿地;确需穿越的,应当经城市绿化行政主管部门和有关部门批准,由建设单位负责及时恢复原貌或者给予补偿,并通知绿化部门回收绿化植物。
  第二十四条 城市绿化行政主管部门应对古树名木进行登记、编号和造册,建立档案,设立价值说明和保护标志,划定保护范围,实行统一管理,按树木权属分别养护。
严禁砍伐或迁移古树名木。因特殊原因需要迁移的,应按国家、省有关规定程序批准后方可迁移。
  第二十五条 禁止下列损害绿地和园林设施的行为:
  (一)在树木上设置广告牌、标语牌或者牵拉绳索、架设电线;
  (二)在绿地内倾倒垃圾、污水、有害物质,堆放杂物,燃烧物品;
  (三)在绿地内挖坑取土(沙);
  (四)在绿地内放养牲畜、家禽;
  (五)盗窃、毁坏树木花草及擅自采摘花果枝叶,践踏植被;
  (六)盗窃、损毁园林设施;
  (七)在绿地内擅自搭棚建屋、停放车辆,以及硬化和圈占小区绿地;
  (八)围圈树木或者擅自修剪树木;
  (九)开设商业、服务摊点;
  (十)其他损坏绿地及园林设施的行为。
  第二十六条 新建、改建、扩建工程建设项目绿化用地面积低于本办法第七条标准,尚有空地可以绿化,自接到城市绿化行政主管部门通知之日起两年内未进行绿化的,由市城管执法局责令其限期完成绿化任务,并处以每平方米二十元到三十元的罚款。
  第二十七条 违反本办法有关规定的,由市城管执法局按下列规定予以处理:
  (一)违反本办法第九条、第十一条规定的,由市城管执法局责令其限期改正,并处该工程设计费或工程承包价款总额百分之五至百分之十的罚款;
  (二)违反本办法第十条规定的,由市城管执法局处二千元以上一万元以下罚款,由城市绿化行政主管部门代为绿化的相关费用由建设单位承担;
  (三)违反本办法第十三条规定的,由市城管执法局责令其限期改正,并处所占绿地面积每平方米五元至十元的罚款;
  (四)违反本办法第十六条第三款规定的,由市城管执法局处二百元以上二千元以下罚款;
  (五)违反本办法第十七条第一款规定的,由市城管执法局责令其限期退还、恢复原状,并处每平方米一百元至二百元的罚款;造成损失的,应当承担赔偿责任;
  (六)擅自砍伐树木的,由市城管执法局责令其按砍伐树木株数的三倍补种,并处砍伐树木价值五至十倍的罚款;擅自移植树木的,处移植树木价值三至五倍的罚款;
  (七)违反本办法第二十二条规定,未经批准,管线或者交通设施管理单位擅自修剪树木的,由市城管执法局责令停止违法行为,并处二千元以上三万元以下罚款;造成损失的,依法予以赔偿。
  第二十八条 损伤、擅自迁移、砍伐或者因管理不当等原因致古树名木死亡的,由市城管执法局处一千元至一万元的罚款。
  因城市绿化主管部门的过错,造成古树名木损伤、死亡的,对直接责任人员或者单位负责人,给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。
  第二十九条 有本办法第二十五条所列行为之一的,由市城管执法局视情节轻重给予警告、责令停止违法行为、限期改正、赔偿损失,并按下列规定处以罚款;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任:
  (一)违反第(一)项、第(四)项、第(七)项规定的,处二百元以上五百元以下罚款;
  (二)违反第(二)项、第(三)项、第(五)项规定的,处一百元以上一千元以下罚款;
  (三)违反第(六)项规定的,处五百元以上一千元以下罚款;
  (四)违反第(八)项规定的,处一千元以下的罚款;
  (五)违反第(九)项规定的,处占地面积每日每平方米五元至十元的罚款。
  第三十条 城市绿化行政主管部门的工作人员,应当依法行使职权,对玩忽职守、滥用职权、贪污受贿、徇私舞弊、情节轻微的,由其所在单位或上级主管部门给予行政处分;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。
  第三十一条 当事人对行政处罚决定不服的,可在六十日内向市政府申请复议或者在十五日内向属地人民法院起诉。当事人逾期不申请复议、不起诉,又不履行行政处罚决定的,市城管执法局可以申请人民法院强制执行。
  第三十二条 本办法所称绿地和园林设施包括:
  (一)公园绿地,即向公众开放,以游憩为主要功能,兼具生态、美化、防灾等作用的绿地,包括综合公园、社区公园、专类公园及街头绿地、小游园等;
  (二)生产绿地,即为城市园林绿化提供苗木、花卉、草皮、种子的圃地;
  (三)防护绿地,即城市中具有卫生、隔离和安全防护功能的绿地,包括卫生隔离带、道路防护绿地、城市高压走廊绿带、防风林、城市组团隔离带等;
  (四)附属绿地,即城市建设用地中绿地之外各类用地中的附属绿化用地,包括单位用地、居住用地、公共设施用地、工业用地、仓储用地、对外交通用地、道路广场用地、市政设施用地和特殊用地中的绿地;
  (五)其他绿地,即对城市生态环境质量、居民休闲生活、城市景观和生物多样性保护有直接影响的绿地,包括风景名胜区、水源保护区、郊野公园、森林公园、自然保护区、风景林地、城市绿化隔离带、野生动植物园、湿地、垃圾填埋场恢复绿地等;
  (六)园林设施,包括亭、廊、花架、喷泉、假山、石桌、石凳、围栏、围墙、园林道路、雕塑、雕刻及其他景观建筑和园林服务设施。
  第三十三条 各县(市、区)可参照本办法执行。
  第三十四条 本办法自2012年10月1日起施行,有效期五年。






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Risks and challenges of the EU expansion
周大勇 (Zhou,Dayong)

I. Introduction
For several years now the European Union is discussing a possible enlargement, because several European countries have applied for membership in the EU. These are especially the former socialist countries in Eastern Europe, that have clearly turned towards the west since the collapse of the iron curtain. These countries are Bulgaria, the Baltic countries Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia, Poland, Romania, the Slovak Republic, the Czech Republic, Slovenia and Hungary.

In addition Turkey, Cyprus and Malta are trying for quite some time already to join the EU. These application are not to be accepted without any further deliberation because they do bring along some risks and the consequences are hard to distinguish therefore these countries are not very expected joining the European Union in the near future and will therefore not be included in the following evaluation.
II. Risks and challenges
If we wants to evaluate the risks and challenges of an upcoming enlargement of the EU, we should first take into account experiences gained during previous expansion which were to some extent comparable. Here the southern expansion from 1986 should be mentioned where two economically pathetic countries sought admission to the then European Community. The admission procedure of these two candidates, being Spain and Portugal, were lengthy and considered very problem bearing. Especially the amount of produce that would add to the already existing agricultural over-production of the Community was seen to be a problem since it would increase the load on the European budget.

But seen from a global economical perspective the joining of Spain and Portugal was overall positive for the EC and the two countries, although Spain struggled with a further rise of unemployment and disparities within the Community were further amplified.

The disparities within the Union will most certainly increase when it comes to an eastern expansion, but the agricultural problem will not be an issue, because the candidates have not got their focus on agriculture, already because of their communist heritage which focused on industry rather than on agriculture or the tertiary sector.

In case of the approaching expansion towards Eastern Europe the Union will have to resolve several problems, the most severe being without any doubt the financial one that will go along with the extension, estimated to be ?5 - ?6 billion annually, just for the technologically underdeveloped agriculture in the new member states.

The financial problem will also lead to a temporary discontent among the population of the existing members, since the financial load on the countries will cause budget cuts because the new members will undoubtedly belong to the payees rather than the payers. Especially the Mediterranean members, for instance Italy, Spain etc. fear cuts in their subsidies particularly the agricultural ones, and agriculture is already making up the biggest part of the EU′s budget.

Of course it is also to be questioned whether with the joining of economically weak countries the economies of the "richer" members are not weakened.

What should be taken into consideration as well is the impact the joining will have on the population of the candidates, especially considering the rights they will gain when they are citizens of the European community. They do then have the right to settle and work anywhere within the community, this could lead to a large amount of people pouring into the old member countries trying to seek work there and make their living. And since most of the European countries are already struggling with high unemployment the high rates could be pushed up further and the discontent among the population could worsen, especially against the background of Neo-Nazis in Germany and other countries such as Britain or Italy. Off course this would only be a temporary problem, which would solve itself over time as the new members develop economically, but still this could prove to be a major issue.

Of course their comes also a minor problem along with the expansion, this problem being even more languages than the twelve, already being used, in which EU communications would have to be carried out adding to the already huge administrative body of the European Union and also causing further costs of the EU.
But because the expansion represents a political necessity one should also take into account the positive aspects caused by such a historic event. With the expansion the continent would take a huge step towards the ethnic integration within Europe, different cultures would be facing each other and could also profit from each other. Also the global competitiveness of the EU against the USA and Asia would improve and another step towards global peace would be undertaken.
III. Changes in administration
It is obvious that an expansion potentially including ten countries would not be feasible without fundamental institutional reforms.

For instance with the existing structure of the Union which allocates most of the power to the European Council, where each member state has one vote, it would be imaginable that smaller members would have a majority over the larger members. Except for Poland, which is by population comparable to Spain and would consequently be a large member, all other candidates are relatively small in size an population.

Another point is that with more than twenty members the decision finding and making process needs to be completely reconsidered, so it represents the actual size of the member countries in terms of population rather than giving each member a veto and especially one single vote. The existing voting and weighting system is also already making the decision finding process a painfully and lengthy one, another ten different opinions added to this would make it virtually impossible to come to an agreement that at least partially satisfies all members and is therefore being supported and not vetoed against.

A changed "legislature" would also keep the democratic thought that the entire EU is based on alive and not vanish it like the existing system.

What should also be pointed out is the fact that an increase in members could lead to new coalitions within the Union and also increase competition among the individual countries. There are even critics that fear that an eastern expansion could lead to a shift in power towards the reunified Germany, since the potential new members are already heavily bound and leaning towards Germany.

What should also be considered is a change in European agricultural policy, which should actually be reformed already. The system of milk quotas, subsidies etc. which subsidises an over-production in many areas, just not to infuriate the farmers, because smaller farms would not be able to survive without the subsidies and the entire face of the European primary sector would change is completely outdated. This system could definitely no longer be kept up with even more farmers to support.
IV. Successful without absorbing the new members?
It is obvious that this question needs to be answered with a clear no. The existing members of the EU are already being absorbed by it and they have all chosen this faith. The goals of the European Union do state the loss of sovereignty in the areas of economic and currency politics, the latter one already realized, also in the political areas of social politics, education, research, consumer protection, health and also environmental issues. Now one could argue how many of these goals need to be realized in order for the EU to be successful, from the British point of view for example the cooperation in economic issues and the creation of the single market have already been enough, considering their opinion towards the Maastricht treaty.

If one would see it from the British point of view the EU could be successful without absorbing the new members, but since most other countries would like to see the above mentioned goals implied and would like to realize the dream of de Gaulle, Adenauer and others of "the United States of Europe", the new members would surrender a huge part of their sovereignty and consequently would be absorbed by the EU, especially considering that they will join in a couple of years at the earliest when European integration will hopefully have advanced beyond the point it is today.
Another point one could consider is what would happen if the European integration would further advance up to the point of the United States of Europe without any new countries joining. This would create another superpower alongside the USA and the then non-members would live in the shadow of the EU or whatever its name would be by that time and also be absorbed by the enormous power, in any terms, of their big neighbour just like the Caribbean, Canada and Mexico, even the entire Americas are by the USA. So the conclusion drawn by this could be that the central and eastern European countries would be better off in any case if they joined the EU even if they had to surrender much of their sovereignty.
Sources:

(1) http://www.europa.eu.int/ (March 17th, 2001)
(2) http://idw.tu-clausthal.de/public/zeige_pm.html?pmid=26445 (April 5th, 2001)
(3) Informationen zur politischen Bildung: Europäische Union (BpB, 1995)
(4) Microsoft Encarta 98
(5) Mittel- und Osteuropa auf dem Weg in die Europäische Union (Werner Weidenfeld, Verlag Bertelsmann Stiftung, 1996)
(6) http://www.e-politik.de/beitrag.cfm?Beitrag_ID=559 (April 1st, 2001)

关于甲类委托收款结算逾期付款问题的函

中国人民建设银行


关于甲类委托收款结算逾期付款问题的函
中国人民建设银行



建设银行各省、自治区、直辖市分行,计划单列市分行:
总行建总函字(89)第402号文“转发人民银行《关于做好大型企业指令性计划销贷的结算通知》的函”印发后,部分分行询问甲类委托收款结算的逾期付款处理问题,经与人民银行总行联系明确如下:
付款单位开户银行收到甲类委托收款凭证,如付款单位帐户在付款期满日无足够资金支付全部款项,可作一个月的逾期付款处理,不需向付款单位发出索回单证的无款支付通知书,留在付款单位的有关凭证和单位不需退还开户银行,银行也不收取单证未退的罚款。在逾期付款期内, 付
款单位开户银行要随时掌握付款单位帐户上的资金情况,俟其帐户有足够资金时,应及时将款项扣划给收款单位。
如逾期付款期满日付款单位帐户仍没有足够资金支付全部款项,付款单位开户银行应按委托收款无款支付的处理手续办理。



1990年2月6日